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The urban fabric of Ras Al Khaimah (RAK) provides a compelling lens to examine the evolving role of public spaces in shaping community and fostering social sustainability. This study, led by urban planning researchers from the University of Birmingham Dubai, highlights the intricate relationship between public spaces and social cohesion in RAK. By investigating three key sites—Corniche, Al Manar Mall, and Al Marjan Island—this research provides insights into how these spaces are not just locations for physical interaction but also key pillars in strengthening community bonds and promoting long-term social sustainability and well-being.

At the core of this study lies a conceptual framework that links public spaces to social sustainability, emphasizing inclusivity, accessibility, and community engagement. Social sustainability, often overshadowed by its environmental and economic counterparts, is crucial for the long-term viability of urban areas. The research builds on existing literature to argue that social cohesion, identity, and sense of place are fundamental to fostering vibrant and resilient urban communities. These spaces serve as platforms for interactions that transcend everyday activities, allowing residents to express their cultural identities and build communal trust. The findings emphasize that the design and management of public spaces should cater to diverse community needs to sustain their relevance and vibrancy over time.

One unique aspect of this study was the active participation of MSc Urban Planning students from the University of Birmingham Dubai in data collection. These students, who were already professionals in architecture, urban design, and planning, undertook fieldwork for the first time, gaining valuable insights into real-world urban planning practices. Their contributions facilitated a thorough and comprehensive data collection, in which over 700 participants were surveyed across different neighborhoods in Ras Al Khaimah. This involvement enriched the study with diverse perspectives and demonstrated how academic research can directly contribute to the social infrastructure of urban spaces, providing empirical data that informs future planning.

A key finding of the study is the underrepresentation of marginalized groups in these spaces, particularly the elderly and certain cultural communities. For example, although most respondents (56.48%) prefer public open spaces like parks and beaches, the elderly are significantly less visible in these areas, revealing a significant gap in inclusivity. Additionally, the data reveals a notable demographic imbalance, with Indian and Emirati nationals being the primary users of public spaces. This highlights the need to explore how these spaces can be more inclusive and welcoming to all residents.

Moreover, respondents expressed an interest in having more influence over the design and development of public spaces, which reflects a growing trend of civic engagement in urban development. The willingness of residents to participate in surveys and provide feedback also highlights a critical finding of the study: there is a strong appetite for participatory planning in Ras Al Khaimah. People want to be heard, and they want their needs and preferences to be reflected in the spaces they inhabit.

The study’s methodological rigor, which involved random sampling and extensive community surveys, allowed for a comprehensive analysis of how Ras Al Khaimah’s public spaces contribute to—or hinder, social sustainability. The results advocate for participatory urban planning processes that actively engage the community in designing and maintaining public spaces. The inclusion of local stakeholders in urban development decisions is shown to enhance a sense of ownership and responsibility among residents, ensuring these spaces serve as genuine hubs of social interaction and cultural expression. By incorporating local voices, planners can create urban environments that serve the practical needs of residents and foster a sense of belonging and community ownership. Moreover, the data demonstrates that when people feel they have a stake in their surroundings, public spaces become more vibrant and socially sustainable, acting as living extensions of the community.

The study concludes with several policy recommendations for urban planners and policymakers. It emphasizes the need for age-friendly public spaces that offer adequate seating, shading, and accessibility for older adults. Additionally, it advocates for incorporating multicultural elements in public space design to reflect RAK’s diverse population. Importantly, the research calls for more robust community engagement through participatory planning models that give residents a direct voice in shaping their urban environment. By aligning public space development with the needs and aspirations of all community members, Ras Al Khaimah can create more inclusive, socially sustainable spaces that enhance individual well-being and community cohesion.